英検のライティングの対策方法は？問題例と解答例を紹介！

英検で出題されるライティングの難易度は、当然ですが受験する級によって異なります。それぞれの級の難易度と解答のポイントを紹介します。

問題例
● あなたは、外国人の友達から以下のQUESTIONをされました。
● QUESTIONについて、あなたの考えとその理由を2つ英文で書きなさい。
● 語数の目安は25語~35語です。
● 解答は、解答用紙のB面にあるライティング解答欄に書きなさい。なお、解答欄の外に書かれたものは採点されません。
● 解答が QUESTION に対応していないと判断された場合は、0点と採点されることがあります。QUESTION をよく読んでから答えてください。

QUESTION

Do you want to study in another country in the future?

解答例

I want to study in the UK in the future. First, I like a British accent, and I want to learn it. Also, I am interested in pop culture there such as films and music. (35 words)

問題例
● あなたは、外国人の知り合いから以下のQUESTIONをされました。
● QUESTIONについて、あなたの意見とその理由を2つ英文で書きなさい。
● 語数の目安は50語~60語です。
● 解答は、解答用紙のB面にあるライティング解答欄に書きなさい。なお、解答欄の外に書かれたものは採点されません。
● 解答が QUESTION に対応していないと判断された場合は、0点と採点されることがあります。QUESTION をよく読んでから答えてください。

QUESTION

Do you think everyone should study English at school?

解答例
I think everyone should study English at school. First, if people can speak English very well, they can find a good job. This is because many companies look for people who have good English skills. Also, learning a foreign language takes a lot of time, so people should start to study English as early as possible. (56 words)

問題例
● 以下のTOPICについて、あなたの意見とその理由を2つ書きなさい。
● POINTSは理由を書く際の参考となる観点を示したものです。ただし、これら以外の観点から理由を書いてもかまいません
● 語数の目安は80語~100語です。
● 解答は、解答用紙のB面にあるライティング解答欄に書きなさい。なお、解答欄の外に書かれたものは採点されません。
● 解答が TOPIC示された問の答えになっていない場合や、TOPICからズレていると判断された場合は、0点と採点されることがあります。TOPICの内容をよく読んでから答えてください。

TOPIC
Some people say everyone should be able to study at university for free.
Do you agree with this opinion?

POINTS
・age
・equality
・career

解答例
I agree that everyone should be able to study at university for free. The first reason is that I believe everyone should be given the equal opportunity to study at university no matter how rich or poor they are. If someone cannot receive a higher education just because he or she cannot afford the tuition, this is not fair at all. The second reason is that studying at university is important to find a well-paid job. Therefore, people can lead a stable life if they can study at university. For these two reasons, I agree with this opinion. (98 words)

問題例
● Write an essay on the given TOPIC.
● Use TWO of the POINTS below to support your answer.
● Structure: introduction, main body, and conclusion
● Suggested length: 120-150 words
● Write your essay in the space provided on Side B of your answer sheet.
Any writing outside the space will not be graded.

TOPIC
Is it beneficial to bring extinct species back to life?

POINTS
● Conscience
● Medicine
● The ecosystem
● World hunger

解答例
‘YES’ Version
       In my opinion, if some extinct animals and plants came to life, they might give us a hint for developing new medicines and a solution to world hunger.
      We humans have used various plants as medicines. However, some of them cannot grow on the farm. If there are similar extinct species which could do so, we could cross them to produce hybrids which have medical effects and can be cultivated.
       Moreover, some extinct animals have the great potential to solve world hunger. Many people in the world eat beef and drink milk. For example, if we could revive a much larger cow species that has long been extinct and cross it with the existing cow, then there would be more ‘beef’ and ‘milk’.
       In conclusion, revived extinct wildlife can be used as medicines and a solution to world hunger, and they would keep humans prosperous for more generations to come. (150 words)

‘NO’ Version
       I do not necessarily agree that reviving extinct wildlife would bring us advantages, in terms of our conscience and the ecosystem.
       First, humans are selfish by nature. Some people may use those creatures for wrong purposes. For example, some dangerous germs that have come to life might be used to kill people. Our conscience is tested.
       Second, revived species may be a danger to the ecosystem. If they have escaped from us, some of them may breed with living species, which would contaminate those living ones genetically. This may imbalance the ecosystem.
     Therefore, revived extinct species are harmful, as they may question our conscience and some people may use them for wrong purposes. They can also pose a threat to the ecosystem. (122 words)

問題例
● Write an essay on the given TOPIC.
● Give THREE reasons to support your answer.
● Structure: introduction, main body, and conclusion
● Suggested length: 200-240 words
● Write your essay in the space provided on Side B of your answer sheet.
Any writing outside the space will not be graded.

TOPIC
Can AI really make a difference in our life?

解答例
‘YES’ Version
       AI is being developed day by day and it may greatly influence our daily life. For instance, there are three areas that AI can help improve: our housework, business, and travel.
       First, AI can help reduce our housework. For example, there are several types of automatic house cleaners with AI. They remove dust on the floor even when people are not home. As a result, people can spend more time on their hobbies, study, or work at home.
       Second, AI can increase our productivity at work. There are a range of AI software programs on the market to do tiring or complicated tasks, such as data entries and calculations. These programs cause no human error and finish such tasks accurately. Meanwhile, people can spend more time on other important tasks.
       Third, AI can even make our travel safer and more productive. Nowadays many driverless vehicles are being developed and put in use. One example is driverless personal sedans. The owners do not necessarily drive them while travelling. These cars are run by Al, so they do not make human errors which are the main cause of traffic accidents. In addition, while travelling, these car users can engage in activities other than driving, such as resting, learning, or even teleconferencing.
       In conclusion, AI can make our life more meaningful as it can reduce our housework, increase our productivity at work, and make our travel safer and more productive. (237 words)

‘NO’ Version
       There is no doubt that AI has developed at a fast pace and has already affected our lives. However, there are a range of concerns which may pose a threat to us, regarding our job security, its technical issues, and its abuse.
       AI has been developed to do simple, dangerous or complicated tasks, such as data entries, work at dangerous sites, and lengthy calculations. In fact, many companies are using AI programs to increase their efficiency or reduce labor costs. In the meantime, many people who used to undertake such tasks are out of employment.
       While AI developers are proud of their efficiency, the fact is that many AI programs are run via the Internet. We have experienced frequent breakdown or malfunction of the Internet system. For example, there are trials in which trains are run by AI, without any human driver. But what if a major glitch occurs on their system? Its outcome could be dreadful.
       Moreover, AI is so complicated that no ordinary person can understand how it works. Many of the AI programs or devices are ‘faceless’. Their real operators are invisible when we use them. Their use depends on our conscience. However, there is a possibility that some people may use these for wrong purposes.
       Thus, from the perspectives of our job security, its technical issues, and its abuse, AI is not always beneficial and we should consider these drawbacks when using it. (236 words)

解答に英語以外の言葉を使ったら説明が必要です。
例えば「sushi」のように日本語を用いた場合は、必ず前後にその意味の説明を加えましょう。
説明がなければ日本語がわからない方には理解をすることができないため、日本語を使った部分は減点対象となります。

①　「賛成もしくは反対意見」では、定型文を作っておくと便利です。
賛成の場合：I think that ○○.（私は〇〇だと思います。）
反対の場合：I do not think that ○○.（私は〇〇だとは思いません。）
英検準1級・1級のライティングでは、日本語力も必要になります。TOPICを読んですぐに自分の意見が決まったとしても、可能であれば「賛成」「反対」両方の意見の文章を考えてみると良いでしょう。
②　「①の理由その1」では、「First of all,（1つ目の理由は）」という書き出しで、簡潔な文章にすると伝わりやすくなります。
③　「理由その1の詳細や具体的な例」は、あまり長い文章になると論点がずれてしまうことがあります。意見がまとまらなくなると時間のロスや減点の対象になります。長い文章にする必要はないですが、目安の語数に達するためには2文にすると良いでしょう。
④　「①の理由その２」では、「Second of all, （2つ目の理由は）」という表現を使うと、理由その1の時と同様にわかりやすいでしょう。
⑤　「理由その２の詳細や具体例」は③と同じような構成にすると読み手は理解しやすくなります。違う構成で読み手を納得させる内容にするという方法もあります。
⑥　最後に、「賛成もしくは反対意見を明確に述べて」文章を締めくくります。